Automotive connectors are a component that electronic engineers often come into contact with. Its function is very simple: build a bridge of communication between the blocked or isolated circuits in the circuit, so that the current can flow and the circuit realize the predetermined function. 

The form and structure of automotive connectors are ever-changing. They are mainly composed of four basic structural components, namely: contact parts, shells (depending on the variety), insulators and accessories. In the industry, it is also known as sheaths, connectors and plastic cases. Basic structure Four basic structural components of the automobile connector I. The contact part is the core part of the automobile connector to complete the electrical connection function. Generally, the contact pair is composed of positive contact parts and negative contact parts, and the electrical connection is completed through the insertion of yin and yang contact parts. 

The positive contact is a rigid part, and its shape is cylindrical (round pin), square (square pin) or flat (insert). Positive contacts are generally made of brass and phosphor bronze. The negative contact part, that is, the jack, is the key part of the contact pair. It relies on the elastic structure to produce elastic deformation when the pin is inserted, which produces elastic force and forms close contact with the positive contact part to complete the connection. There are many types of jack structures, including cylindrical type (slitting, shrinking), tuning fork type, cantilever beam type (longitudinal slotting), folding type (longitudinal slotting, 9-shaped), box-shaped (square jack) and hyperbolic wire spring jack, etc. Second, the shell, also known as the shell, is the outer cover of the car connector. It provides mechanical protection for the built-in insulation mounting board and pin, and provides alignment when the plug and socket are plugged in, so as to fix the connector to the device. Third, insulators, insulators are also often referred to as automobile connector base or insert. Its function is to arrange the contacts according to the required position and spacing, and to ensure the insulation between the contacts and between the contacts and the shell. Good insulation resistance, voltage resistance and ease of processing are the basic requirements for selecting insulation materials to be processed into insulators. IV. Accessories, attachments are divided into structural attachments and installation attachments. Structural accessories such as clamps, positioning keys, positioning pins, guide pins, connection rings, cable clamps, sealing rings, gaskets, etc. Installation accessories such as screws, nuts, screws, spring rings, etc. Most of the accessories have standard parts and common parts. It is these four basic structural components that enable automotive connectors to act as bridges and operate stably. 

Design standards With the rapid development of the automobile industry, various functional parts and components on automobiles are constantly developing in the direction of intelligence, refinement and reliability, and have also put forward higher requirements for the structural design, appearance design and materials of automobile connectors. The automotive connector must meet the USCAR-20 standard, which is the performance standard of the automotive electrical connector system. It stipulates that the contact surface of the automotive connector must always be reliable throughout the use cycle, including the following factors: First, the material of the connector contact is stable and reliable. Second, the forward force is stable. Third, the voltage and current stability of the circuit. Fourth, the temperature requirements are within the specified range, including the surrounding temperature and its own temperature rise. Fifth, good robustness. Sixth, it must be the same as the connector used for high-speed and long-distance communication computer. The automobile connector must be able to work reliably under harsh conditions. VII. Connector insertion force: 20.5kg; VIII. Connector holding force: more than 2.5kg; IX. Heat resistance: -40~120℃